óæå ïðîøëî 21 July

365 : Alexandria hit by a tsunami


On July 21, 365, an earthquake with a magnitude estimated at 8.0 occurred off the coast of Greece. The tsunami which followed struck the city of Alexandria in Egypt and its surrounding villages : the boats ended up on top of buildings and 50,000 people were killed. The salt water entered into the land prevented crops for several years and the shoreline was changed permanently. Entire neighborhoods of Alexandria were covered by water and had not been rediscovered by archaeologists until 1995.

1954 : End of the war in Indochina


On July 21, 1954, the Geneva Conference recognized the 17th parallel line which separated the Vietnam into the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam in the north and the State of Vietnam in the south where French forces were grouped before their final departure scheduled before the end of 1955. The Conference also recognized the independence of Cambodia and Laos.

1970 : Completion of the Aswan Dam


On July 21, 1970, after 11 years, the Aswan Dam, on the Nile in Egypt, is completed. Financed by tolls on the Suez Canal and loans from the Soviet Union, it aims to regulate the Nile floods and to create a major source of energy. For the construction of the huge reservoir of the dam, which was named Lake Nasser, 90,000 Egyptians and Sudanese are displaced. The temple of Abu Simbel is also moved.
The dam has also had negative effects, such as the depletion of arable land due to the removal of silt deposits brought in by flooding of the Nile or the development of schistosomiasis induced by irrigation systems.

1972 : Bombings in Northern Ireland


On July 21, 1972, 22 bombs were placed by the IRA in different places in Northern Ireland. 9 people were killed and 130 injured. The IRA had warned the authorities shortly before each explosion, but given the number of bombs, only a few places had been evacuated. This event, called Bloody Friday, was a response to the Bloody Sunday, the shooting of peaceful demonstrators and bystanders by the British Army, on January 30, 1972, in Derry.

2007 : Release of the seventh and final Harry Potter


On 21 July 2007, the seventh and final Harry Potter was released under the name of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, 10 years after the first volume. The adventures of Harry Potter and his friends have sold 400 million copies in 60 languages. They have made ​​the fortune of its author JK Rowling and movie studios that produced the films that are inspired from them.

Íîâîñòè äíÿ : 21 July

Belgian National Day
July 21 is the Belgian National Day, which commemorates the oath to uphold the Constitution of the first king of the Belgians, Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, taken on July 21, 1831.

Öèòàòà äíÿ : 21 July

J. K. Rowling
If you want to see the true measure of a man, watch how he treats his inferiors, not his equals.

Äíè ðîæäåíèÿ : 21 July

Jean Picard, French astronomer (1620)
Ernest Hemingway, American writer, Nobel Prize in Literature (1899)
Isaac Stern, Ukrainian violinist (1920)
Jean Daniel, French journalist (1920)
Rudolph A. Marcus, American Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize (1923)
Norman Jewison, Canadian director (1926)
Simon Berryer (Sim), French comedian (1926)
Hubert-Félix Thiéfaine, French singer (1948)
Robin Williams, American actor (1951)
Michael Connelly, Canadian writer (1956)
Jim Martin, American musician (Faith No More) (1961)
Ross Kemp, English actor (1964)
Sarah Waters, English writer (1966)
Charlotte Gainsbourg, French actress and singer (1971)
Emmanuel Bangué, French athlete (1971)
Josh Hartnett, American actor (1978)
Gary Teale, Scottish football player (1978)
Chris Gunter, Welsh footballer (1989)

Ils nous ont quitté un 21 July

Claus von Stauffenberg, German officer and resistant (1944)
Albert Lutuli, South African politician, president of the ANC, Nobel Peace Prize (1967)
Basil Rathbone, English actor (1967)
Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, 3rd King of Bhutan (1972)
Alan Shepard, American astronaut, 2nd person in space (1998)
Robert Young, American actor (1998)
Jerry Goldsmith, American composer (2004)
Edward B. Lewis, American geneticist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2004)

Øóòêà äíÿ : 21 July

Create a refugee camp


You never know, you can be peacefully on holiday in the desert in Tunisia or Turkey and find yourselves suddenly faced with a flood of refugees.
What to do?

To build a camp, you know you will need to plan carefully the answers to humanitarian needs, in terms of hygiene and shelter, as well as catering, movement of people and communication.

You should start by drawing plans, providing the locations of toilets, tents, medical service, administrative department and the aisles for regulating the movement of people inside the camp, and to get in and out of the camp.
Then we must gather all the necessary equipment, especially camping equipment in large quantities and hygiene equipment. You can either buy them if you can afford it or if a sponsor is willing to fund the camp or ask for donations from associations.

To continue, you must find people to build the camp. You must place ads in local and international media. In tourist areas, you may well try to motivate people to come and help. You will also need qualified personnel, medical technology.

Once you have all the equipment and the volunteers, check that the volunteers will be able to build the camp with the equipment provided and that all security conditions are met.

Then, you can begin construction. The organization must be drastic : each person must know what to do and how to do it and you must take into account the weather and the refugees already gathered in the area in order to ensure efficiency and safety.

Finally you must discuss with the representatives of the refugees to adapt the supply and organization of the camp to the needs of th people.

References: Handbook for Emergencies (UNHCR)
Public Health Engineering in Emergency Situations (Medecins Sans Frontieres)

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